保温杯别装热牛奶！这些饮品也要注意

天气转凉，保温杯重新回到人们的日常生活。但这种常见的日用品却可能暗藏健康风险。

哪些保温杯存在安全隐患？如何挑选合格的保温杯？哪些饮品不宜装入保温杯？

什么样的保温杯不能用

保温杯大多是不锈钢材质，耐高温且保温性能好。不锈钢材料中，有三个“代号”很常见，分别是201、304和316。

保温杯不能使用

201材质

201不锈钢属于工业用品材料，锰含量高，耐腐蚀性差，如果将其作为保温杯的内胆，长时间存放饮品可导致锰元素析出，热水可能直接变“毒水”。金属锰是人体必需的微量元素，但过量摄入锰会伤身，尤其是会伤害神经系统。

Grade 201 stainless steel is an industrial material with high manganese content and poor corrosion resistance. If this material is used as the inner liner of a thermos, prolonged storage of beverages can lead to the leaching of manganese, potentially turning hot water into harmful liquid. While manganese is an essential trace element for the human body, excessive intake can be detrimental to health, particularly damaging to the nervous system.

304、316材质符合安全标准

保温杯的不锈钢材质应符合《食品安全国家标准食品接触用金属材料及制品》(GB 4806.9-2023)，标准中规定了重金属含量及迁移量指标。

304不锈钢中最重要的元素是镍和铬，这类材料具有良好的加工性能和耐腐蚀性能，锰含量低于2%，是国家公认的食品级不锈钢。

316不锈钢的品质优于304，多了金属钼，耐腐性能更好。

Grade 304 stainless steel primarily contains nickel and chromium, which offer excellent processability and corrosion resistance. With a manganese content below 2 percent, it is nationally recognized as food-grade stainless steel.

Grade 316 stainless steel surpasses 304 in quality, with the addition of molybdenum further enhancing its corrosion resistance.

如何选择安全的保温杯

根据国家市场监督管理总局发布的保温杯消费提示，选购保温杯时，可以按照下面4个步骤。

① 留意不锈钢部分的“304”或“316”钢印及塑料等部件的材质标识；

② 确认杯体无刺激性异味；

③ 检查内胆与外胆抛光均匀一致、无划痕毛刺，且口部焊接平滑；

④ 注入开水并旋紧杯盖，2至3分钟后手握杯身若无明显升温，则保温性好；倒置4至5分钟后若无渗漏，则密封性佳。

When selecting a thermos cup, it is important to first look for the "304" or "316" stamp on the stainless steel parts and to check the material markings of plastic components. Next, make sure the cup has no irritating odor. Then, examine that the inner and outer surfaces are evenly polished without scratches or burrs, and ensure the rim welding is smooth. Finally, to evaluate its performance, fill the cup with boiling water and tighten the lid. If no obvious warmth is felt when holding the cup after two to three minutes, it indicates good thermal insulation. Similarly, if no leakage occurs after inverting the cup for four to five minutes, it confirms the thermos is effectively leakproof.

别用保温杯装这6类饮品

① 茶叶

使用保温杯泡茶，相当于用高温水长时间煮制，会破坏茶叶维生素，使茶香油挥发，鞣酸和茶碱大量渗出，从而降低茶汤营养价值，使茶汤苦涩无香味。

Brewing tea in a thermos is equivalent to boiling it with high-temperature water over a long period, which destroys tea's vitamins, volatilizes aromatic oils, and causes excessive release of tannic acid and theophylline. This reduces the nutritional value of the tea and results in a bitter, less flavorful brew.

② 牛奶

如果把加热过的牛奶放入保温杯，长期温热状态易使微生物繁殖，导致腐败。饮用长时间放置于保温杯内的牛奶，轻则影响口感，重则可能导致食物中毒。

Storing heated milk in a thermos creates a long-term warm state ideal for microbial reproduction, leading to spoilage. Consuming such milk may impair taste or even cause food poisoning.

③ 豆浆

和牛奶一样，豆浆含有蛋白质等营养物质，加热后放在保温杯中易变质，可能影响健康。

Like milk, soy milk contains nutrients such as protein. If heated and stored in a thermos, it can easily deteriorate and may pose health risks.

④ 碳酸饮料

不锈钢遇到酸性物质时会腐蚀并溶解出一些金属成分，尤其是质量不符合标准的保温杯。长期饮用含有金属元素的饮品，会给身体带来伤害。

Stainless steel can corrode and leach metal ions when exposed to acidic substances, especially in substandard thermoses. Long-term consumption of such beverages may cause adverse health effects.

⑤ 果汁

果汁呈酸性，长时间用金属保温杯盛放也可能析出金属元素。此外，果汁中含大量果糖，粘在杯壁内不易清洗，残留后容易滋生细菌。

As an acidic beverage, juice may also induce metal leaching during prolonged storage in thermoses. Additionally, its abundant fructose adheres to inner walls, making cleaning difficult and promoting bacterial growth from residues.

⑥ 中药

煎好的中药通常含较多酸性物质，容易与保温杯内壁金属元素发生反应，使药效受到一定影响。最好用玻璃或陶瓷器皿盛放中药。

Brewed Chinese herbal medicine typically contains a high level of acidic substances, which can easily react with metal elements in the thermos' inner wall, thereby compromising its efficacy. It is best to store herbal medicine in glass or ceramic containers.

温馨提醒

保温杯盛装开水时，不要装得太满，建议至少要低于瓶口2厘米，防止开盖时开水溢出烫伤；

不要在杯盖密闭的情况下剧烈摇晃保温杯，防止杯内增压，开盖时被弹出的杯盖或喷出的热水弄伤。

儿童使用保温杯时应有家长在旁看护，切勿盛装超过50℃的液体，避免造成烫伤风险。

编辑：李金昳

实习生：杨琳

来源：生命时报

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